These are all pretty straight-forward, just complete the levels in any given Sector to unlock the corrosponding achievement.

Alpha Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Alpha Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 6 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Beta Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Beta Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 4 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Gamma Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Gamma Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 3 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Delta Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Delta Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 5 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Note: Sector icon and achievement thumbnail look different!

Epsilon Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Epsilon Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 3 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Zeta Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Zeta Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 4 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Eta Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Eta Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 6 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

[/previewimg] Theta Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Theta Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 5 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Iota Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Iota Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 5 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Kappa Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Kappa Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 4 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Note: I've been on Twitch too long

Lambda Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Lambda Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 3 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Mu Sector
Achievement description:
You've completed the Mu Sector!

How to unlock:
Just complete all 5 levels in this sector to unlock the achievement

Challenge levels are harder levels that can be found in every sector
They look like this:


Alpha Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 5 challenge levels in this sector

Beta Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the challenge level in this sector

Gamma Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 2 challenge levels in this sector

Delta Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the challenge level in this sector

Epsilon Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 2 challenge levels in this sector

Zeta Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 7 challenge levels in this sector

Eta Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 3 challenge levels in this sector

Theta Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 3 challenge levels in this sector

Iota Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 3 challenge levels in this sector

Kappa Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 3 challenge levels in this sector

Lambda Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 2 challenge levels in this sector

Mu Challenge



How to unlock:
Beat the 2 challenge levels in this sector

These achievements are unlocked by maintaining an orbit with your satellite for a given duration of time.
Note: I Recommend using a Workshop level for this!
I used this level for the 30 minutes and 1 hour achievements
http://sp.zhabite.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=386046582

One Minute
Achievement description:
Remain in orbit for one minute!

How to unlock:
Keep your satellite in an orbit without crashing for 1 minute.

Five Minutes
Achievement description:
Remain in orbit for five minutes!

How to unlock:
Keep your satellite in an orbit without crashing for 5 minutes.


Thirty Minutes
Achievement description:
Remain in orbit for thirty minutes!

How to unlock:
Keep your satellite in an orbit without crashing for 30 minutes!


One Hour
Achievement description:
Remain in orbit for one hour!

How to unlock:
Keep your satellite in an orbit without crashing for 1 Hour!

There is very little information to be found on the internet regarding these achievements.
But i have reason to believe they are unlocked by launcher an x amount of satellites.
The numbers i used in this section are rough estimates, they may be off.

First Orbit
Achievement description:
The first artificial satellite completed its orbit!

How to Unlock:
Launch your first satellite and you will get this one right away.

BSc in Aerospace Engineering



How to Unlock:
Just keep playing the game, you will get this achievement soon enough.
My Estimate is that this one unlocks on 100 launches!

MSc in Space Engineering



How to Unlock:
Just keep playing the game, you will get this achievement soon enough.
My Estimate is that this one unlocks on 250 launches!

PhD in Space Propulsion



How to Unlock:
Just keep playing the game, you will get this achievement soon enough.
My Estimate is that this one unlocks on 500 launches!

Nobel Prize in Physics



How to Unlock:
Just keep playing the game, you will get this achievement soon enough.
My Estimate is that this one unlocks on 1000 launches!

These are also not really hard to get, just lose enough satellites and you will unlock them eventually.
Again: These numbers are not 100% confirmed, i'm really sorry!

So Close!



How to unlock:
Fail to complete a level with less then 1 second needed to complete it.

Deep Impact



How to unlock:
Lose 100 Satellites due to impact with a planet or star.


Deep Space



How to unlock:
Lose 100 Satellites by launching them into space
(so it ends outside of the game screen)

Stellar Master
Achievement description:
Let there be light.

How to unlock:
Start up the Level Editor from the main menu, i forgot wether or not you actually had to save a level to get the achievement.

Daily Challenge
Achievement description:
Every day a new challenge.

How to unlock:
Click on the Daily Challenge icon in the main menu and play the level, you don't even have to beat it!