I made this infographic a while back around the time the game launched, but I figured it couldn't hurt to put it in here as well.

Since we have twice the amount of path actions available in Octopath II, I thought it'd be nice to make an all-in-one visual guide showing each. The guide organized by each action type (gaining info, gaining items, recruiting allies, and incapacitating) along with the requirements & time of day for each.

Level - There will be a specific level requirement to perform the action depending on the NPC
Currency - Requires a payment to the NPC
Chance - Action's success successfully is based off luck, which increases with level
Combat - NPC must be defeated in battle

Interestingly enough, it seems like there is one less "chance" based requirement and one additional "currency" based requirement, rather than there being exactly 4 of each.

Hope this is able to help newer players who may be overwhelmed with all of the options available. Enjoy!